Design of Automotive Towing DevicesGh.L. Mogan, I.D. Buzdugan — Transilvania University of Brașov
SectionSec.1.1.2

Construction of class F ATD products

General structure

Coupling balls (towing hooks)

Annex.3.1.1

Ball-type coupling heads

Annex.3.1.2

Class F ATDs (Annex.1.1.1.1)

They are usually based on non-standard drawbeams (bar structures) and are specific to the different vehicle types (passenger cars, light commercial vehicles).